Definition:
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A method of determining the spatial distribution of the mass balance by solving the equation of the kinematic boundary condition at the surface for the ice-equivalent mass-balance rate bb as a function of the rate of change hh of the ice-equivalent thickness, the spatial gradient of the thickness h (usually approximated by the inclination of the surface), and the velocity at the surface uub hu b hu huhh V hu Vhuh hhhhu h H , where subscripts H and V denote horizontal and vertical vector components respectively of uu. It is assumed that the basal ice velocity is zero, for example because the ice is frozen to the bed.
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